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Demographics
Demographics
Bosnia is home to three ethnic "constituent peoples": Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats.
Tensions between the three constitutional peoples remain high and often provoke political disagreements.
A Y-chromosome haplogroups study published in 2005 found that "three main groups of Bosnia-Herzegovina, in spite of some quantitative differences, share a large fraction of the same ancient gene pool distinctive for the Balkan area".
According to the 1991 census, Bosnia and Herzegovina had a population of 4,377,033.
Ethnically, 1,902,956 (43%) were Bosniak, 1,366,104 (31%) Serbs, and 760,852 (17%) Croats, with 242,682 (6%) Yugoslavs.
The remaining 2% of the population - numbering 104,439 - consisted of various other ethnicities.
According to 2000 data from the CIA World Factbook, Bosnia's largest ethnic groups are Bosniaks (48%), Serbs (37%) and Croats (14%).
There is a strong correlation between ethnic identity and religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Muslims constitute 45% of the population, Serb Orthodox 36%, Roman Catholics 15%, and other groups, including Jews and Protestants, 4%.
Large population migrations during the Yugoslav wars in the 1990s have caused a large demographic shift in the country.
No census has been taken since 1991, and none is planned for the near future due to political disagreements.
Since censuses are the only statistical, inclusive, and objective way to analyze demographics, almost all of the post-war data is simply an estimate.
Most sources, however, estimate the population at roughly 4 million (representing a decrease of 350,000 since 1991).
Source: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia
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